

Particle movements and Particle cluster rearrangement

Particle detachment, migration, and resettlement

Electrode strain and wrinkling

Anisotropic pouch cell breathing and delamination

Jelly roll expansion and contraction in cylindrical cell
"Electrode strain dynamics in layered intercalation battery cathodes", Science, DOI: 10.1126/science.aea2763 (2025)

“Dynamics of particle network in composite battery cathodes​,” Science, DOI: 10.1126/science.abm8962 (2022)
Small Current: Sequential & Intermittent local SEI Development Large Current: Concurrent & Continuous SEI Growth

Charging current: 0.05C

Charging current: 0.1C

Charging current: 1C
"Direct optical observation of solid electrolyte interphase formation dynamics in lithium-ion batteries," PNAS, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2531794123 (2026).
“In-device Battery Failure Analysis,” Advanced Materials, DOI: 10.1002/adma.202416915 (2025)
“Multiscale correlative imaging reveals sequential and heterogeneous degradations in fast-charging batteries,” Energy & Environmental Science, DOI: 10.1039/D4EE01497A (2024)
“Nanoscale chemical imaging with structured X-ray illumination,” PNAS, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2314542120 (2023)
“Impacts of the Conductive Networks on Solid-State Battery Operation,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., DOI: 10.1002/anie.202511534 (2025)













